Viewing github.com/alecthomas/chroma/lexers/embedded/perl.xml

```
<lexer>
```
```
  <config>
```
```
    <name>Perl</name>
```
```
    <alias>perl</alias>
```
```
    <alias>pl</alias>
```
```
    <filename>*.pl</filename>
```
```
    <filename>*.pm</filename>
```
```
    <filename>*.t</filename>
```
```
    <mime_type>text/x-perl</mime_type>
```

    <mime_type>application/x-perl</mime_type>

```
    <dot_all>true</dot_all>
```
```
  </config>
```
```
  <rules>
```
```
    <state name="root">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\A\#!.+?$">
```

        <token type="CommentHashbang"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\#.*?$">
```
```
        <token type="CommentSingle"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="^=[a-zA-Z0-9]+\s+.*?\n=cut">

        <token type="CommentMultiline"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(continue|foreach|unless|return|elsif|CHECK|while|BEGIN|reset|print|until|next|else|INIT|then|last|redo|case|our|new|for|END|if|do|my)\b">

```
        <token type="Keyword"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(format)(\s+)(\w+)(\s*)(=)(\s*\n)">

```
        <bygroups>
```
```
          <token type="Keyword"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```
```
          <token type="Name"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```
```
          <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```
```
        </bygroups>
```
```
        <push state="format"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(eq|lt|gt|le|ge|ne|not|and|or|cmp)\b">

```
        <token type="OperatorWord"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s/(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\/])*/(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\/])*/[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s!(\\\\|\\!|[^!])*!(\\\\|\\!|[^!])*![egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s\\(\\\\|[^\\])*\\(\\\\|[^\\])*\\[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s@(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\@])*@(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\@])*@[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s%(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\%])*%(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\%])*%[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s\{(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\}])*\}\s*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <push state="balanced-regex"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s&lt;(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\&gt;])*&gt;\s*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <push state="balanced-regex"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s\[(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\\]])*\]\s*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <push state="balanced-regex"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="s\((\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\)])*\)\s*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <push state="balanced-regex"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="m?/(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\/\n])*/[gcimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="m(?=[/!\\{&lt;\[(@%$])">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <push state="balanced-regex"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="((?&lt;==~)|(?&lt;=\())\s*/(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\/])*/[gcimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\s+">
```
```
        <token type="Text"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(getprotobynumber|getprotobyname|getservbyport|getservbyname|gethostbyname|gethostbyaddr|getnetbyaddr|getnetbyname|setprotoent|setpriority|getsockname|getprotoent|getpriority|getpeername|endprotoent|setsockopt|endhostent|setservent|socketpair|getsockopt|endservent|sethostent|getservent|gethostent|getnetent|wantarray|localtime|quotemeta|setnetent|prototype|endnetent|rewinddir|endpwent|endgrent|getpwent|getpwnam|getgrgid|dbmclose|continue|closedir|shutdown|setpwent|shmwrite|syswrite|truncate|formline|setgrent|getgrent|readpipe|getgrnam|readlink|readline|getpwuid|getlogin|telldir|opendir|shmread|readdir|getpgrp|getppid|waitpid|binmode|reverse|sprintf|unshift|symlink|seekdir|sysopen|defined|dbmopen|sysread|sysseek|connect|lcfirst|ucfirst|setpgrp|syscall|import|chroot|system|gmtime|unlink|unpack|semget|semctl|select|msgrcv|length|printf|listen|scalar|caller|rindex|substr|splice|rename|msgctl|msgget|delete|msgsnd|exists|values|socket|fileno|format|accept|shmget|shmctl|ioctl|alarm|atan2|utime|untie|bless|chdir|chmod|undef|umask|chomp|times|close|crypt|srand|split|mkdir|sleep|lstat|study|rmdir|local|fcntl|flock|write|shift|index|semop|chown|tell|join|send|warn|kill|wait|grep|glob|bind|last|pack|getc|fork|link|seek|push|rand|read|exit|sort|exec|open|eval|sqrt|redo|stat|chop|next|each|dump|time|recv|tied|goto|keys|pipe|map|tie|cos|die|eof|pop|sin|pos|oct|ref|exp|int|ord|log|our|hex|abs|vec|chr|uc|tr|my|lc)\b">

```
        <token type="NameBuiltin"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="((__(DATA|DIE|WARN)__)|(STD(IN|OUT|ERR)))\b">

        <token type="NameBuiltinPseudo"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(&lt;&lt;)([\&#39;&#34;]?)([a-zA-Z_]\w*)(\2;?\n.*?\n)(\3)(\n)">

```
        <bygroups>
```

          <token type="LiteralString"/>

          <token type="LiteralString"/>

          <token type="LiteralStringDelimiter"/>

          <token type="LiteralString"/>

          <token type="LiteralStringDelimiter"/>

```
          <token type="Text"/>
```
```
        </bygroups>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="__END__">
```
```
        <token type="CommentPreproc"/>
```
```
        <push state="end-part"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\$\^[ADEFHILMOPSTWX]">

        <token type="NameVariableGlobal"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\$[\\\&#34;\[\]&#39;&amp;`+*.,;=%~?@$!&lt;&gt;(^|/-](?!\w)">

        <token type="NameVariableGlobal"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[$@%#]+">
```
```
        <token type="NameVariable"/>
```
```
        <push state="varname"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="0_?[0-7]+(_[0-7]+)*">

        <token type="LiteralNumberOct"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="0x[0-9A-Fa-f]+(_[0-9A-Fa-f]+)*">

        <token type="LiteralNumberHex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="0b[01]+(_[01]+)*">

        <token type="LiteralNumberBin"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(?i)(\d*(_\d*)*\.\d+(_\d*)*|\d+(_\d*)*\.\d+(_\d*)*)(e[+-]?\d+)?">

        <token type="LiteralNumberFloat"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(?i)\d+(_\d*)*e[+-]?\d+(_\d*)*">

        <token type="LiteralNumberFloat"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\d+(_\d+)*">
```

        <token type="LiteralNumberInteger"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="&#39;(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^&#39;\\])*&#39;">

```
        <token type="LiteralString"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="&#34;(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^&#34;\\])*&#34;">

```
        <token type="LiteralString"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="`(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^`\\])*`">

        <token type="LiteralStringBacktick"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="&lt;([^\s&gt;]+)&gt;">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(q|qq|qw|qr|qx)\{">

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="cb-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(q|qq|qw|qr|qx)\(">

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="rb-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(q|qq|qw|qr|qx)\[">

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="sb-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(q|qq|qw|qr|qx)\&lt;">

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="lt-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(q|qq|qw|qr|qx)([\W_])(.|\n)*?\2">

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(package)(\s+)([a-zA-Z_]\w*(?:::[a-zA-Z_]\w*)*)">

```
        <bygroups>
```
```
          <token type="Keyword"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```

          <token type="NameNamespace"/>

```
        </bygroups>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(use|require|no)(\s+)([a-zA-Z_]\w*(?:::[a-zA-Z_]\w*)*)">

```
        <bygroups>
```
```
          <token type="Keyword"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```

          <token type="NameNamespace"/>

```
        </bygroups>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="(sub)(\s+)">
```
```
        <bygroups>
```
```
          <token type="Keyword"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```
```
        </bygroups>
```
```
        <push state="funcname"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(package|require|use|no)\b">

```
        <token type="Keyword"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(\[\]|\*\*|::|&lt;&lt;|&gt;&gt;|&gt;=|&lt;=&gt;|&lt;=|={3}|!=|=~|!~|&amp;&amp;?|\|\||\.{1,3})">

```
        <token type="Operator"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="[-+/*%=&lt;&gt;&amp;^|!\\~]=?">

```
        <token type="Operator"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="[()\[\]:;,&lt;&gt;/?{}]">

```
        <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="(?=\w)">
```
```
        <token type="Name"/>
```
```
        <push state="name"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="cb-string">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\[{}\\]">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\{">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="cb-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\}">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[^{}\\]+">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="balanced-regex">
```

      <rule pattern="/(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\/])*/[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="!(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\!])*![egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\\(\\\\|[^\\])*\\[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\{(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\}])*\}[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="&lt;(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\&gt;])*&gt;[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\[(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\\]])*\][egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\((\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\)])*\)[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="@(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\@])*@[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="%(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\%])*%[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="\$(\\\\|\\[^\\]|[^\\$])*\$[egimosx]*">

        <token type="LiteralStringRegex"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="lt-string">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\[&lt;&gt;\\]">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\&lt;">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="lt-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\&gt;">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[^&lt;&gt;]+">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="format">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\.\n">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringInterpol"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[^\n]*\n">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringInterpol"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="funcname">
```

      <rule pattern="[a-zA-Z_]\w*[!?]?">

```
        <token type="NameFunction"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\s+">
```
```
        <token type="Text"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="(\([$@%]*\))(\s*)">

```
        <bygroups>
```
```
          <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
          <token type="Text"/>
```
```
        </bygroups>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern=";">
```
```
        <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern=".*?\{">
```
```
        <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="end-part">
```
```
      <rule pattern=".+">
```
```
        <token type="CommentPreproc"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="varname">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\s+">
```
```
        <token type="Text"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\{">
```
```
        <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\)|,">
```
```
        <token type="Punctuation"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\w+::">
```
```
        <token type="NameNamespace"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[\w:]+">
```
```
        <token type="NameVariable"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="name">
```

      <rule pattern="[a-zA-Z_]\w*(::[a-zA-Z_]\w*)*(::)?(?=\s*-&gt;)">

```
        <token type="NameNamespace"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```

      <rule pattern="[a-zA-Z_]\w*(::[a-zA-Z_]\w*)*::">

```
        <token type="NameNamespace"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[\w:]+">
```
```
        <token type="Name"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[A-Z_]+(?=\W)">
```
```
        <token type="NameConstant"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="(?=\W)">
```
```
        <token type="Text"/>
```
```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="rb-string">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\[()\\]">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\(">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="rb-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\)">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[^()]+">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
    <state name="sb-string">
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\[\[\]\\]">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\\">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\[">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <push state="sb-string"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="\]">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
        <pop depth="1"/>
```
```
      </rule>
```
```
      <rule pattern="[^\[\]]+">
```

        <token type="LiteralStringOther"/>

```
      </rule>
```
```
    </state>
```
```
  </rules>
```
```
</lexer>
```